Mac keyboard shortcuts
By pressing a combination of keys, you can do things that normally need a mouse, trackpad, or other input device. To use a keyboard shortcut, hold down one or more modifier keys while pressing the last key of the shortcut.
For example, to use the shortcut Command-C (copy), hold down Command + C, then release both keys. Mac menus and keyboards often use symbols for certain keys, including the modifier keys:
Keys
- Command ⌘
- Shift ⇧
- Option ⌥
- Control ⌃
- Caps Lock ⇪
- Fn
If you’re using a keyboard made for Windows PCs, use the Alt key instead of Option, and the Windows logo key instead of Command. Some Mac keyboards and shortcuts use special keys in the top row, which include icons for volume, display brightness, and other functions.
Press the icon key to perform that function, or combine it with the Fn key to use it as an F1, F2, F3 or other standard function key.
To learn more shortcuts, check the menus of the app you’re using. Every app can have its own shortcuts, and shortcuts that work in one app may not work in another.
Cut, copy, paste, and other common shortcuts
Command - X Cut: Remove the selected item and copy it to the Clipboard
Command - C Copy the selected item to the Clipboard. This also works for files in the Finder
Command - V Paste the contents of the Clipboard into the current document or app. This also works for files in the Finder
Command - Z Undo the previous command. You can then press Command-Shift-Z to Redo, reversing the undo command. In some apps, you can undo and redo multiple commands
Command - A Select All items
Command - F Find: Open a Find window, or find items in a document
Command - G Find Again: Find the next occurrence of the item previously found. To find the previous occurrence, press Command-Shift-G
Command - H Hide the windows of the front app. To view the front app but hide all other apps, press Command-Option-H
Command - M Minimize the front window to the Dock. To minimize all windows of the front app, press CCommand-Option-M
Command - N New: Open an new document or window
Command - O Open the selected item, or open a dialog to select a file to open
Command - P Print the current document
Command - S Save the current document
Command - W Close the front window. To close all windows of the app, press Command-Option-W
Command - Q Quit the app
Option-Command-Esc Force Quit: Choose an app to force quit. Or press Command-Shift-Option-Esc and hold for 3 seconds to force just the front app to quit
Command–Space bar Spotlight: Show or hide the Spotlight search field. To perform a Spotlight search from a Finder window, press Command–Option–Space bar. If you use multiple input sources to type in different languages, these shortcuts change input sources instead of showing Spotlight
Space bar Quick Look: Use Quick Look to preview the selected item
Command-Tab Switch apps: Switch to the next most recently used app among your open apps
Shift-Command-Tilde (~) Switch windows: Switch to the next most recently used window of the front app
Shift-Command-3 Screenshot: Take a screenshot of the entire screen. Learn more screenshot shortcuts
Command-Comma (,) Preferences: Open preferences for the front app
Sleep, log out, and shut down shortcuts
Power button
- Tap to turn on your Mac or wake your Mac from sleep
- Hold for 1.5 seconds while your Mac is awake to display a dialog asking if you want to restart, sleep, or shut down. If you don’t want to wait 1.5 seconds, press Control–Power button or Control–Media Eject
- Hold for 5 seconds to force your Mac to turn off.
Control–Command–Power button to force your Mac to restart
Control–Shift–Power button or Media Eject to put your displays to sleep
Control–Command–Media Eject Quit all apps, then restart your Mac. If any open documents have unsaved changes, you’ll be asked whether you want to save them
Control–Option–Command–(Power button or Media Eject) Quit all apps, then shut down your Mac. If any open documents have unsaved changes, you’ll be asked whether you want to save them
Shift-Command-Q Log out of your OS X user account. You’ll be asked to confirm
Option-Shift-Command-Q Log out of your OS X user account immediately, without being asked to confirm
Document shortcuts
Command-B Boldface the selected text, or turn boldfacing on or off
Command-I Italicize the selected text, or turn italics on or off
Command-U Underline the selected text, or turn underlining on or off
Command-T Show or hide the Fonts window
Command-D Select the Desktop folder from within an Open dialog or Save dialog
Control-Command-D Show or hide the definition of the selected word
Shift-Command-Colon (:) Display the Spelling and Grammar window
Command-Semicolon (;) Find misspelled words in the document
Option-Delete Delete the word to the left of the insertion point
Control-H Delete the character to the left of the insertion point. Or use Delete
Control-D Delete the character to the right of the insertion point. Or use Fn-Delete
Fn-Delete Forward delete on keyboards that don’t have a Forward Delete key. Or use Control-D
Control-K Delete the text between the insertion point and the end of the line or paragraph
Command-Delete Select Delete or Don’t Save in a dialog that contains a Delete or Don’t Save button
Fn–Up Arrow Page Up: Scroll up one page
Fn–Down Arrow Page Down: Scroll down one page
Fn–Left Arrow Home: Scroll to the beginning of a document
Fn–Right Arrow End: Scroll to the end of a document
Command–Up Arrow Move the insertion point to the beginning of the document
Command–Down Arrow Move the insertion point to the end of the document
Command–Left Arrow Move the insertion point to the beginning of the current line
Command–Right Arrow Move the insertion point to the end of the current line
Option–Left Arrow Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word
Option–Right Arrow Move the insertion point to the end of the next word
Shift–Command–Up Arrow Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the document
Shift–Command–Down Arrow Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the document
Shift–Command–Left Arrow Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the current line
Shift–Command–Right Arrow Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the current line
Shift–Up Arrow Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line above
Shift–Down Arrow Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line below
Shift–Left Arrow Extend text selection one character to the left
Shift–Right Arrow Extend text selection one character to the right
Option–Shift–Up Arrow Extend text selection to the beginning of the current paragraph, then to the beginning of the following paragraph if pressed again
Option–Shift–Down Arrow Extend text selection to the end of the current paragraph, then to the end of the following paragraph if pressed again
Option–Shift–Left Arrow Extend text selection to the beginning of the current word, then to the beginning of the following word if pressed again
Option–Shift–Right Arrow Extend text selection to the end of the current word, then to the end of the following word if pressed again
Control–A Move to the beginning of the line or paragraph
Control–E Move to the end of a line or paragraph
Control–F Move one character forward
Control–B Move one character backward
Control–L Center the cursor or selection in the visible area
Control–P Move up one line
Control–N Move down one line
Control–O Insert a new line after the insertion point
Control–T Swap the character behind the insertion point with the character in front of the insertion point
Command–Left Curly Bracket ({) Left align
Command–Right Curly Bracket (}) Right align
Shift–Command–Vertical bar (|) Center align
Option–Command-F Go to the search field
Option–Command-T Show or hide a toolbar in the app
Option–Command-C Copy Style: Copy the formatting settings of the selected item to the Clipboard
Option–Command-V Paste Style: Apply the copied style to the selected item
Option–Shift-Command-V Paste and Match Style: Apply the style of the surrounding content to the item pasted within that content
Option–Command-I Show or hide the inspector window
Shift–Command–-P Page setup: Display a window for selecting document settings
Shift–Command–-S Display the Save As dialog, or duplicate the current document
Shift–Command––Minus sign (-) Decrease the size of the selected item
Shift–Command––Plus sign (+) Increase the size of the selected item. Command–Equal sign (=) performs the same function
Shift–Command–Question mark (?) Open the Help menu
Finder shortcuts
Command-D Duplicate the selected files.
Command-E Eject the selected disk or volume.
Command-F Start a Spotlight search in the Finder window.
Command-I Show the Get Info window for a selected file.
Shift-Command-C Open the Computer window.
Shift-Command-D Open the desktop folder.
Shift-Command-F Open the All My Files window.
Shift-Command-G Open a Go to Folder window.
Shift-Command-H Open the Home folder of the current OS X user account.
Shift-Command-I Open iCloud Drive.
Shift-Command-K Open the Network window.
Option-Command-L Open the Downloads folder.
Shift-Command-O Open the Documents folder.
Shift-Command-R Open the AirDrop window.
Shift-Command-T Add selected Finder item to the Dock (OS X Mountain Lion or earlier)
Control-Shift-Command-T Add selected Finder item to the Dock (OS X Mavericks or later)
Shift-Command-U Open the Utilities folder.
Option-Command-D Show or hide the Dock. This often works even when you’re not in the Finder.
Control-Command-T Add the selected item to the sidebar (OS X Mavericks or later).
Option-Command-P Hide or show the path bar in Finder windows.
Option-Command-S Hide or show the Sidebar in Finder windows.
Command–Slash (/) Hide or show the status bar in Finder windows.
Command-J Show View Options.
Command-K Open the Connect to Server window.
Command-L Make an alias of the selected item.
Command-N Open a new Finder window.
Shift-Command-N Create a new folder.
Option-Command-N Create a new Smart Folder.
Command-R Show the original file for the selected alias.
Command-T Show or hide the tab bar when a single tab is open in the current Finder window.
Shift-Command-T Show or hide a Finder tab.
Option-Command-T Show or hide the toolbar when a single tab is open in the current Finder window.
Option-Command-V Move: Move the files in the Clipboard from their original location to the current location.
Option-Command-Y View a Quick Look slideshow of the selected files.
Command-Y Use Quick Look to preview the selected files.
Command-1 View the items in the Finder window as icons.
Command-2 View the items in a Finder window as a list.
Command-3 View the items in a Finder window in columns.
Command-4 View the items in a Finder window with Cover Flow.
Command–Left Bracket ([) Go to the previous folder.
Command–Right Bracket (]) Go to the next folder.
Command–Up Arrow Open the folder that contains the current folder.
Command–Control–Up Arrow Open the folder that contains the current folder in a new window.
Command–Down Arrow Open the selected item.
Command–Mission Control Show the desktop. This works even when you’re not in the Finder.
Command–Brightness Up Turn Target Display Mode on or off.
Command–Brightness Down Turn display mirroring on or off when your Mac is connected to more than one display.
Right Arrow Open the selected folder. This works only when in list view.
Left Arrow Close the selected folder. This works only when in list view.
Option–double-click Open a folder in a separate window and close the current window.
Command–double-click Open a folder in a separate tab or window.
Command-Delete Move the selected item to the Trash.
Shift-Command-Delete Empty the Trash.
Option-Shift-Command-Delete Empty the Trash without confirmation dialog.
Command-Y Use Quick Look to preview the files.
Option–Brightness Up Open Displays preferences. This works with either Brightness key.
Option–Mission Control Open Mission Control preferences.
Option–Volume Up Open Sound preferences. This works with any of the volume keys.
Command key while dragging Move the dragged item to another volume or location. The pointer changes while you drag the item.
Option key while dragging Copy the dragged item. The pointer changes while you drag the item.
Option-Command while dragging Make an alias of the dragged item. The pointer changes while you drag the item.
Option-click a disclosure triangle Open all folders within the selected folder. This works only when in list view.
Command-click a window title See the folders that contain the current folder.